Estrogen

Last Updated: June 2 2022

Known as the female hormone, 'Estrogen' is a group of compounds that tends to work in opposition to androgens (like testosterone) and mediate fat metabolism, cognition, blood flow, and female reproduction. Men sometimes wish to lower estrogen via aromatase inhibition.

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References
1.^Milanesi L, Russo de Boland A, Boland RExpression and localization of estrogen receptor alpha in the C2C12 murine skeletal muscle cell lineJ Cell Biochem.(2008 Jul 1)
3.^Wiik A, Glenmark B, Ekman M, Esbjörnsson-Liljedahl M, Johansson O, Bodin K, Enmark E, Jansson EOestrogen receptor beta is expressed in adult human skeletal muscle both at the mRNA and protein levelActa Physiol Scand.(2003 Dec)
4.^Wiik A, Ekman M, Johansson O, Jansson E, Esbjörnsson MExpression of both oestrogen receptor alpha and beta in human skeletal muscle tissueHistochem Cell Biol.(2009 Feb)
5.^Wiik A, Ekman M, Morgan G, Johansson O, Jansson E, Esbjörnsson MOestrogen receptor beta is present in both muscle fibres and endothelial cells within human skeletal muscle tissueHistochem Cell Biol.(2005 Aug)
6.^Tiidus PM, Holden D, Bombardier E, Zajchowski S, Enns D, Belcastro AEstrogen effect on post-exercise skeletal muscle neutrophil infiltration and calpain activityCan J Physiol Pharmacol.(2001 May)
8.^Sitnick M, Foley AM, Brown M, Spangenburg EEOvariectomy prevents the recovery of atrophied gastrocnemius skeletal muscle massJ Appl Physiol.(2006 Jan)
9.^McClung JM, Davis JM, Wilson MA, Goldsmith EC, Carson JAEstrogen status and skeletal muscle recovery from disuse atrophyJ Appl Physiol.(2006 Jun)
10.^Sugiura T, Ito N, Goto K, Naito H, Yoshioka T, Powers SKEstrogen administration attenuates immobilization-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in male ratsJ Physiol Sci.(2006 Dec)
12.^Sørensen MB, Rosenfalck AM, Højgaard L, Ottesen BObesity and sarcopenia after menopause are reversed by sex hormone replacement therapyObes Res.(2001 Oct)
16.^Thomas A, Bunyan K, Tiidus PMOestrogen receptor-alpha activation augments post-exercise myoblast proliferationActa Physiol (Oxf).(2010 Jan)
17.^Velders M, Schleipen B, Fritzemeier KH, Zierau O, Diel PSelective estrogen receptor-β activation stimulates skeletal muscle growth and regenerationFASEB J.(2012 May)