The Human Effect Matrix looks at human studies to tell you what supplements affect Protection from Smoking.
Full details on all Protection from Smoking supplements are available to Examine Plus members.
| Grade | Level of Evidence [show legend] |
|---|---|
|
Robust research conducted with repeated double-blind clinical trials |
|
Multiple studies where at least two are double-blind and placebo controlled |
|
Single double-blind study or multiple cohort studies |
|
Uncontrolled or observational studies only |
|
Level of Evidence
?
The amount of high quality evidence. The more
evidence, the more we can trust the results.
|
Supplement |
Magnitude of effect
?
The direction and size of the supplement's impact on
each outcome. Some supplements can have an increasing effect, others have a decreasing effect, and others have no effect.
|
Consistency of research results
?
Scientific research does not always agree. HIGH or
VERY HIGH means that most of the scientific research agrees.
|
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
- | High See all 3 studies |
There do not appear to be any inherent protective effects of Vitamin C against the oxidative and inflammatory changes associated with cigarette smoking, although the reduction in blood flow may be attenuated somewhat with antioxidants and this applies to Vitamin C
|
|
|
|
Minor
|
- See study |
There appears to be an attenuation in how much a cigarette constricts peripheral blood flow by about half, with other biomarkers not changed overly to an overly potent degree.
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