Things To Know & Note
Other Functions:
Primary Function:
Also Known As
Thunder God Vine
Caution Notice
Examine.com Medical DisclaimerThis plant appears to inhibit the CYP3A4 enzyme, which is known to metabolize a great deal of drugs
How to Take Tripterygium wilfordii
Recommended dosage, active amounts, other details
It should be noted that this plant has a very low therapeutic index (difference between the effective dose and the toxic dose) and that overdosing is both easy to do and critical; supplementation is usually avoided for this reason.
Research Breakdown on Tripterygium wilfordii
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References
- ^ a b c d e Salminen A, et al. Celastrol: Molecular targets of Thunder God Vine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. (2010)
- ^ a b c Zhang Y, et al. Therapeutic effects of total alkaloids of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f. on collagen-induced arthritis in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. (2012)
- ^ Canter PH, Lee HS, Ernst E. A systematic review of randomised clinical trials of Tripterygium wilfordii for rheumatoid arthritis. Phytomedicine. (2006)
- ^ Huang M, et al. Triptolide inhibits MDM2 and induces apoptosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells through a p53-independent pathway. Mol Cancer Ther. (2012)
- ^ a b Zhao JW, et al. Demethylzeylasteral exhibits strong inhibition towards UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A6 and 2B7. Molecules. (2012)
- ^ a b c d e Fang W, et al. Biological activity and safety of Tripterygium extract prepared by sodium carbonate extraction. Molecules. (2012)
- ^ a b c d e f g Yang H, et al. Celastrol, a triterpene extracted from the Chinese "Thunder of God Vine," is a potent proteasome inhibitor and suppresses human prostate cancer growth in nude mice. Cancer Res. (2006)
- ^ a b c d e f g Inhibition of NF-κB activation through targeting IκB kinase by celastrol, a quinone methide triterpenoid.
- ^ a b c d Sreeramulu S, et al. Molecular mechanism of inhibition of the human protein complex Hsp90-Cdc37, a kinome chaperone-cochaperone, by triterpene celastrol. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. (2009)
- ^ Anticancer treatment using triptolide prodrugs.
- ^ a b Li W, et al. Characterization of triptolide hydroxylation by cytochrome P450 in human and rat liver microsomes. Xenobiotica. (2008)
- ^ Papakostas D, et al. Nanoparticles in dermatology. Arch Dermatol Res. (2011)
- ^ Xue M, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects and hepatotoxicity of Tripterygium-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Phytomedicine. (2012)
- ^ Liu M, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of triptolide loaded poly(D,L-lactic acid) nanoparticles on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. (2005)
- ^ Xue M, et al. Protective effects of tripterygium glycoside-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles on male reproductive toxicity in rats. Arzneimittelforschung. (2011)
- ^ Mei Z, et al. The research on the anti-inflammatory activity and hepatotoxicity of triptolide-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle. Pharmacol Res. (2005)
- ^ a b c d Pharmacologic inhibitors of IκB kinase suppress growth and migration of mammary carcinosarcoma cells in vitro and prevent osteolytic bone metastasis in vivo.
- ^ a b c Sethi G, et al. Celastrol, a novel triterpene, potentiates TNF-induced apoptosis and suppresses invasion of tumor cells by inhibiting NF-kappaB-regulated gene products and TAK1-mediated NF-kappaB activation. Blood. (2007)
- ^ Salminen A, et al. Innate immunity meets with cellular stress at the IKK complex: regulation of the IKK complex by HSP70 and HSP90. Immunol Lett. (2008)
- ^ a b c Westerheide SD, et al. Celastrols as inducers of the heat shock response and cytoprotection. J Biol Chem. (2004)
- ^ Hsp70 promotes TNF-mediated apoptosis by binding IKKγ and impairing NF-κB survival signaling.
- ^ Kim Y, et al. Celastrol binds to ERK and inhibits FcepsilonRI signaling to exert an anti-allergic effect. Eur J Pharmacol. (2009)
- ^ a b Wang Y, Jia L, Wu CY. Triptolide inhibits the differentiation of Th17 cells and suppresses collagen-induced arthritis. Scand J Immunol. (2008)
- ^ Chen P, et al. Modulatory effect of triptolide on differentiation of human Th17 cells. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. (2011)
- ^ a b Wu C, et al. Triptolide protects mice from ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibition of IL-17 production. Int Immunopharmacol. (2011)
- ^ Rose-John S, et al. Interleukin-6 trans-signaling and colonic cancer associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Curr Pharm Des. (2009)
- ^ Ivanov II, et al. The orphan nuclear receptor RORgammat directs the differentiation program of proinflammatory IL-17+ T helper cells. Cell. (2006)
- ^ Nishihara M, et al. IL-6-gp130-STAT3 in T cells directs the development of IL-17+ Th with a minimum effect on that of Treg in the steady state. Int Immunol. (2007)
- ^ a b Li Y, et al. Triptolide ameliorates IL-10-deficient mice colitis by mechanisms involving suppression of IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway and down-regulation of IL-17. Mol Immunol. (2010)
- ^ Trott A, et al. Activation of heat shock and antioxidant responses by the natural product celastrol: transcriptional signatures of a thiol-targeted molecule. Mol Biol Cell. (2008)
- ^ Xue X, et al. Knockout of hepatic P450 reductase aggravates triptolide-induced toxicity. Toxicol Lett. (2011)
- ^ Ye X, et al. Effects of cytochrome P4503A inducer dexamethasone on the metabolism and toxicity of triptolide in rat. Toxicol Lett. (2010)
- ^ Zhang Z, et al. The targeting of 14-succinate triptolide-lysozyme conjugate to proximal renal tubular epithelial cells. Biomaterials. (2009)
- ^ Chadli A, et al. Celastrol inhibits Hsp90 chaperoning of steroid receptors by inducing fibrillization of the Co-chaperone p23. J Biol Chem. (2010)
- ^ Liu J, et al. Effects of triptolide from Tripterygium wilfordii on ERalpha and p53 expression in two human breast cancer cell lines. Phytomedicine. (2009)
- ^ Chen D, et al. Dietary flavonoids as proteasome inhibitors and apoptosis inducers in human leukemia cells. Biochem Pharmacol. (2005)
- ^ a b c Lee JH, et al. Celastrol inhibits growth and induces apoptotic cell death in melanoma cells via the activation ROS-dependent mitochondrial pathway and the suppression of PI3K/AKT signaling. Apoptosis. (2012)
- ^ Krantic S, et al. Apoptosis-inducing factor: a matter of neuron life and death. Prog Neurobiol. (2007)
- ^ Zhou R, et al. (5R)-5-hydroxytriptolide (LLDT-8), a novel triptolide analog mediates immunosuppressive effects in vitro and in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol. (2005)
- ^ Grzegorzewska AE, et al. Disseminated cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma in a patient receiving triptolide/tripdiolide for rheumatoid arthritis. Med Sci Monit. (2012)