Artichoke Extract
•Last Updated: September 28 2022
Artichoke Extract (Cynara scolymus) is an extract from the common bulb vegetable that appears to have the ability to stimulate bile secretion; this may underlie a weak reduction in cholesterol and improved fat digestion.
Artichoke Extract is most often used for
Last Updated: September 28 2022
Note that Artichoke Extract is also known as:
- Artichoke
Artichoke Extract should not be confused with:
- Milk Thistle (Wild Artichoke)
A few doses have been used in human studies, including 6,000 mg of the basic extract (no concentrations) and also a 25-35:1 concentrated extract dosed at 1,800 mg. Both of these doses showed bioactivity, but there is no clear indication of which is the optimal dosage.
It is unclear whether artichoke extract needs to be taken alongside a meal or not.
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1.^Saénz Rodriguez T, García Giménez D, de la Puerta Vázquez RCholeretic activity and biliary elimination of lipids and bile acids induced by an artichoke leaf extract in ratsPhytomedicine.(2002 Dec)
2.^Sarawek S, Feistel B, Pischel I, Butterweck VFlavonoids of Cynara scolymus possess potent xanthinoxidase inhibitory activity in vitro but are devoid of hypouricemic effects in rats after oral applicationPlanta Med.(2008 Feb)
3.^Trojan-Rodrigues M, Alves TL, Soares GL, Ritter MRPlants used as antidiabetics in popular medicine in Rio Grande do Sul, southern BrazilJ Ethnopharmacol.(2012 Jan 6)
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6.^Li H, Xia N, Brausch I, Yao Y, Förstermann UFlavonoids from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) up-regulate endothelial-type nitric-oxide synthase gene expression in human endothelial cellsJ Pharmacol Exp Ther.(2004 Sep)
7.^Jaiswal R, Kiprotich J, Kuhnert NDetermination of the hydroxycinnamate profile of 12 members of the Asteraceae familyPhytochemistry.(2011 Jun)
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9.^Costabile A, Kolida S, Klinder A, Gietl E, Bäuerlein M, Frohberg C, Landschütze V, Gibson GRA double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study to establish the bifidogenic effect of a very-long-chain inulin extracted from globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus) in healthy human subjectsBr J Nutr.(2010 Oct)
10.^Cynara cardunculus L., a potential source of inulin in the Mediterranean environment: screening of genetic variability.()
11.^Pandino G, Lombardo S, Mauromicale GMineral profile in globe artichoke as affected by genotype, head part and environmentJ Sci Food Agric.(2011 Jan 30)
12.^Loi B, Fantini N, Colombo G, Gessa GL, Riva A, Bombardelli E, Morazzoni P, Carai MAReducing Effect of a Combination of Phaseolus vulgaris and Cynara scolymus Extracts on Food Intake and Glycemia in RatsPhytother Res.(2012 May 8)
13.^Zaru A, Maccioni P, Riva A, Morazzoni P, Bombardelli E, Gessa GL, Carai MA, Colombo GReducing Effect of a Combination of Phaseolus vulgaris and Cynara scolymus Extracts on Operant Self-Administration of a Chocolate-Flavoured Beverage in RatsPhytother Res.(2012 Aug 17)
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15.^Various cellular effects exerted by polyphenol constituents of artichoke extracts in cultured rat hepatocytes.()
16.^Qiang Z, Lee SO, Ye Z, Wu X, Hendrich SArtichoke extract lowered plasma cholesterol and increased fecal bile acids in Golden Syrian hamstersPhytother Res.(2012 Jul)
17.^Qinna NA, Kamona BS, Alhussainy TM, Taha H, Badwan AA, Matalka KZEffects of prickly pear dried leaves, artichoke leaves, turmeric and garlic extracts, and their combinations on preventing dyslipidemia in ratsISRN Pharmacol.(2012)
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20.^Bundy R, Walker AF, Middleton RW, Wallis C, Simpson HCArtichoke leaf extract (Cynara scolymus) reduces plasma cholesterol in otherwise healthy hypercholesterolemic adults: a randomized, double blind placebo controlled trialPhytomedicine.(2008 Sep)
21.^Rondanelli M, Giacosa A, Opizzi A, Faliva MA, Sala P, Perna S, Riva A, Morazzoni P, Bombardelli EBeneficial effects of artichoke leaf extract supplementation on increasing HDL-cholesterol in subjects with primary mild hypercholesterolaemia: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trialInt J Food Sci Nutr.(2012 Jun 29)
22.^Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effect of Cynara Scolymus among Selected Type 2 Diabetic Individuals.()
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24.^Brown JE, Rice-Evans CALuteolin-rich artichoke extract protects low density lipoprotein from oxidation in vitroFree Radic Res.(1998 Sep)
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26.^Fantini N, Colombo G, Giori A, Riva A, Morazzoni P, Bombardelli E, Carai MAEvidence of glycemia-lowering effect by a Cynara scolymus L. extract in normal and obese ratsPhytother Res.(2011 Mar)
27.^Boiled wild artichoke reduces postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses in normal subjects but has no effect on metabolic syndrome patients.()
28.^New high-performance gel permeation chromatographic system for the determination of low-molecular-weight amyloses.()
29.^Transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers synthesize the full spectrum of inulin molecules naturally occurring in globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus) roots.()
30.^Mileo AM, Di Venere D, Linsalata V, Fraioli R, Miccadei SArtichoke polyphenols induce apoptosis and decrease the invasive potential of the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB231J Cell Physiol.(2012 Sep)
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34.^Nogueira AC, Dicelio LE, Joekes IAbout photo-damage of human hairPhotochem Photobiol Sci.(2006 Feb)
35.^Photochemical alterations in human hair. I. Artificial irradiation and investigations of hair proteins.()
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39.^Anderson D, Yu TW, Phillips BJ, Schmezer PThe effect of various antioxidants and other modifying agents on oxygen-radical-generated DNA damage in human lymphocytes in the COMET assayMutat Res.(1994 May 1)
41.^Jacociunas LV, de Andrade HH, Lehmann M, de Abreu BR, Ferraz Ade B, da Silva J, Dihl RRArtichoke induces genetic toxicity and decreases ethyl methanesulfonate-related DNA damage in chinese hamster ovary cellsJ Med Food.(2012 Oct)
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