BPC-157
•Last Updated: May 23 2023
BPC-157 is a synthetic peptide that is being investigated for its regenerative effects. It shows high efficacy for rats suffering toxic or surgical trauma, but there is currently little evidence that it provides benefits for people.
BPC-157 is most often used for
Last Updated: May 23 2023
More research is needed to determine whether BPC-157 has any potential benefits in humans. Studies conducted in rodents and cultured cells have suggested that BPC-157 may support the healing of various tissues, including tendons, joints, nerves, the intestinal tract, the stomach, and skin.[37][28][38]
BPC-157’s potential drawbacks are uncertain, given the lack of human evidence. No clear toxicity or negative side effects have been reported in studies conducted in rodents,[39][40][37] but this research is limited. Therefore, the biggest drawback of BPC-157 is that there is insufficient evidence of its safety.
BPC-157 has various possible (potentially overlapping) mechanisms of action, including promoting nitric oxide synthesis, activating cells involved in tissue repair, stimulating the synthesis of growth factors, and inhibiting inflammation.[28][19][41]
BPC-157 can be taken orally, topically, or via injection. Oral ingestion of peptides like BPC-157 wouldn’t normally be expected to have a direct effect on tissues outside of the gastrointestinal tract (like tendons and nerves) because peptides aren’t easily absorbed into circulation. However, studies in rodents have suggested that oral ingestion can have systemic effects, meaning that the feasibility of this route of delivery can’t be ruled out.[42]
BPC-157 is a peptide consisting of 15 amino acids. It is derived from a protein found in the stomach. Ingestion or injection of BPC-157 is suspected of enhancing the repair of damaged tissues, although there is currently no human evidence to support this.
Note that BPC-157 is also known as:
- PL 14736
- PL-10
- Bepecin
BPC-157 should not be confused with:
- TB-500
The closest possible recommended dose is based on rat studies where oral administration showed benefit, as most studies administer the supplement via injection. The oral dose that was effective in rats, 10 μg/kg, is estimated to be equivalent to 1.6 μg/kg, or:
- 110 μg for a 150lb person
- 145 μg for a 200lb person
- 180 μg for a 250lb person
There are currently no human pharmacokinetic studies to assess species differences.
1.^Bpc peptide salts with organo-protective activity, the process for their preparation and their use in therapy
2.^Jelovac N, Sikirić P, Rucman R, Petek M, Perović D, Konjevoda P, Marović A, Seiwerth S, Grabarević Z, Sumajstorcić J, Dodig G, Perić JA novel pentadecapeptide, BPC 157, blocks the stereotypy produced acutely by amphetamine and the development of haloperidol-induced supersensitivity to amphetamineBiol Psychiatry.(1998 Apr 1)
3.^Cox HD, Miller GD, Eichner DDetection and in vitro metabolism of the confiscated peptides BPC 157 and MGF R23HDrug Test Anal.(2016 Dec 29)
4.^Tkalcević VI, Cuzić S, Brajsa K, Mildner B, Bokulić A, Situm K, Perović D, Glojnarić I, Parnham MJEnhancement by PL 14736 of granulation and collagen organization in healing wounds and the potential role of egr-1 expressionEur J Pharmacol.(2007 Sep 10)
5.^Sikiric P, Separovic J, Buljat G, Anic T, Stancic-Rokotov D, Mikus D, Marovic A, Prkacin I, Duplancic B, Zoricic I, Aralica G, Lovric-Bencic M, Ziger T, Perovic D, Rotkvic I, Mise S, Hanzevacki M, Hahn V, Seiwerth S, Turkovic B, Grabarevic Z, Petek M, Rucman RThe antidepressant effect of an antiulcer pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in Porsolt's test and chronic unpredictable stress in rats. A comparison with antidepressantsJ Physiol Paris.(2000 Mar-Apr)
6.^Veljaca M, Lesch CA, Pllana R, Sanchez B, Chan K, Guglietta ABPC-15 reduces trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colonic damage in ratsJ Pharmacol Exp Ther.(1995 Jan)
7.^Hsieh MJ, Liu HT, Wang CN, Huang HY, Lin Y, Ko YS, Wang JS, Chang VH, Pang JSTherapeutic potential of pro-angiogenic BPC157 is associated with VEGFR2 activation and up-regulationJ Mol Med (Berl).(2017 Mar)
8.^D.Basagiannis et al.Dynasore impairs VEGFR2 signalling in an endocytosis-independent mannerNature.(2017)
9.^Sikiric PThe pharmacological properties of the novel peptide BPC 157 (PL-10)Inflammopharmacology.(1999)
10.^Rebec GV, Peirson EE, McPherson FA, Brugge KDifferential sensitivity to amphetamine following long-term treatment with clozapine or haloperidolPsychopharmacology (Berl).(1982)
11.^Sikiric P, Jelovac N, Jelovac-Gjeldum A, Dodig G, Staresinic M, Anic T, Zoricic I, Rak D, Perovic D, Aralica G, Buljat G, Prkacin I, Lovric-Bencic M, Separovic J, Seiwerth S, Rucman R, Petek M, Turkovic B, Ziger T, Boban-Blagaic A, Bedekovic V, Tonkic A, Babic SPentadecapeptide BPC 157 attenuates chronic amphetamine-induced behavior disturbancesActa Pharmacol Sin.(2002 May)
12.^Sikiric P, Seiwerth S, Rucman R, Kolenc D, Vuletic LB, Drmic D, Grgic T, Strbe S, Zukanovic G, Crvenkovic D, Madzarac G, Rukavina I, Sucic M, Baric M, Starcevic N, Krstonijevic Z, Bencic ML, Filipcic I, Rokotov DS, Vlainic JBrain-gut Axis and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157: Theoretical and Practical ImplicationsCurr Neuropharmacol.(2016)
13.^Jenkins TA, Nguyen JC, Polglaze KE, Bertrand PPInfluence of Tryptophan and Serotonin on Mood and Cognition with a Possible Role of the Gut-Brain AxisNutrients.(2016 Jan 20)
14.^Tohyama Y, Sikirić P, Diksic MEffects of pentadecapeptide BPC157 on regional serotonin synthesis in the rat brain: alpha-methyl-L-tryptophan autoradiographic measurementsLife Sci.(2004 Dec 3)
15.^Klicek R, Kolenc D, Suran J, Drmic D, Brcic L, Aralica G, Sever M, Holjevac J, Radic B, Turudic T, Kokot A, Patrlj L, Rucman R, Seiwerth S, Sikiric PStable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 heals cysteamine-colitis and colon-colon-anastomosis and counteracts cuprizone brain injuries and motor disabilityJ Physiol Pharmacol.(2013 Oct)
16.^Torkildsen O, Brunborg LA, Myhr KM, Bø LThe cuprizone model for demyelinationActa Neurol Scand Suppl.(2008)
17.^Herring NR, Konradi CMyelin, copper, and the cuprizone model of schizophreniaFront Biosci (Schol Ed).(2011 Jan 1)
18.^Benetti F, Ventura M, Salmini B, Ceola S, Carbonera D, Mammi S, Zitolo A, D'Angelo P, Urso E, Maffia M, Salvato B, Spisni ECuprizone neurotoxicity, copper deficiency and neurodegenerationNeurotoxicology.(2010 Sep)
19.^Chang CH, Tsai WC, Lin MS, Hsu YH, Pang JHThe promoting effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on tendon healing involves tendon outgrowth, cell survival, and cell migrationJ Appl Physiol (1985).(2011 Mar)
20.^Molloy TJ, Wang Y, Horner A, Skerry TM, Murrell GAMicroarray analysis of healing rat Achilles tendon: evidence for glutamate signaling mechanisms and embryonic gene expression in healing tendon tissueJ Orthop Res.(2006 Apr)
21.^Ying-Li Hu et al.FAK and paxillin dynamics at focal adhesions in the protrusions of migrating cellsNature.(2014)
22.^Staresinic M, Sebecic B, Patrlj L, Jadrijevic S, Suknaic S, Perovic D, Aralica G, Zarkovic N, Borovic S, Srdjak M, Hajdarevic K, Kopljar M, Batelja L, Boban-Blagaic A, Turcic I, Anic T, Seiwerth S, Sikiric PGastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 accelerates healing of transected rat Achilles tendon and in vitro stimulates tendocytes growthJ Orthop Res.(2003 Nov)
23.^Sikirić P, Mazul B, Seiwerth S, Grabarević Z, Rucman R, Petek M, Jagić V, Turković B, Rotkvić I, Mise S, Zoricić I, Jurina L, Konjevoda P, Hanzevacki M, Gjurasin M, Separović J, Ljubanović D, Artuković B, Bratulić M, Tisljar M, Miklić P, Sumajstorcić JPentadecapeptide BPC 157 interactions with adrenergic and dopaminergic systems in mucosal protection in stressDig Dis Sci.(1997 Mar)
24.^Luetic K, Sucic M, Vlainic J, Halle ZB, Strinic D, Vidovic T, Luetic F, Marusic M, Gulic S, Pavelic TT, Kokot A, Seiwerth RS, Drmic D, Batelja L, Seiwerth S, Sikiric PCyclophosphamide induced stomach and duodenal lesions as a NO-system disturbance in rats: L-NAME, L-arginine, stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157Inflammopharmacology.(2017 Apr)
25.^Bilic I, Zoricic I, Anic T, Separovic J, Stancic-Rokotov D, Mikus D, Buljat G, Ivankovic D, Aralica G, Prkacin I, Perovic D, Mise S, Rotkvic I, Petek M, Rucman R, Seiwerth S, Sikiric PHaloperidol-stomach lesions attenuation by pentadecapeptide BPC 157, omeprazole, bromocriptine, but not atropine, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, ranitidine, cimetidine and misoprostol in miceLife Sci.(2001 Mar 9)
26.^Sikiric P, Seiwerth S, Aralica G, Perovic D, Staresinic M, Anic T, Gjurasin M, Prkacin I, Separovic J, Stancic-Rokotov D, Lovric-Bencic M, Mikus D, Turkovic B, Rotkvic I, Mise S, Rucman R, Petek M, Ziger T, Sebecic B, Ivasovic Z, Jagic V, Komericki L, Balen I, Boban-Blagaic A, Sjekavica ITherapy effect of antiulcer agents on new chronic cysteamine colon lesion in ratJ Physiol Paris.(2001 Jan-Dec)
27.^Sikiric P, Seiwerth S, Grabarevic Z, Balen I, Aralica G, Gjurasin M, Komericki L, Perovic D, Ziger T, Anic T, Prkacin I, Separovic J, Stancic-Rokotov D, Lovric-Bencic M, Mikus D, Staresinic M, Aralica J, DiBiaggio N, Simec Z, Turkovic B, Rotkvic I, Mise S, Rucman R, Petek M, Sebecic B, Ivasovic Z, Boban-Blagaic A, Sjekavica ICysteamine-colon and cysteamine-duodenum lesions in rats. Attenuation by gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157, cimetidine, ranitidine, atropine, omeprazole, sulphasalazine and methylprednisoloneJ Physiol Paris.(2001 Jan-Dec)
28.^Sikiric P, Seiwerth S, Rucman R, Turkovic B, Rokotov DS, Brcic L, Sever M, Klicek R, Radic B, Drmic D, Ilic S, Kolenc D, Stambolija V, Zoricic Z, Vrcic H, Sebecic BFocus on ulcerative colitis: stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157Curr Med Chem.(2012)
29.^Hrelec M, Klicek R, Brcic L, Brcic I, Cvjetko I, Seiwerth S, Sikiric PAbdominal aorta anastomosis in rats and stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157, prophylaxis and therapyJ Physiol Pharmacol.(2009 Dec)
30.^Djakovic Z, Djakovic I, Cesarec V, Madzarac G, Becejac T, Zukanovic G, Drmic D, Batelja L, Zenko Sever A, Kolenc D, Pajtak A, Knez N, Japjec M, Luetic K, Stancic-Rokotov D, Seiwerth S, Sikiric PEsophagogastric anastomosis in rats: Improved healing by BPC 157 and L-arginine, aggravated by L-NAMEWorld J Gastroenterol.(2016 Nov 7)
31.^Grgic T, Grgic D, Drmic D, Sever AZ, Petrovic I, Sucic M, Kokot A, Klicek R, Sever M, Seiwerth S, Sikiric PStable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 heals rat colovesical fistulaEur J Pharmacol.(2016 Jun 5)
32.^Baric M, Sever AZ, Vuletic LB, Rasic Z, Sever M, Drmic D, Pavelic-Turudic T, Sucic M, Vrcic H, Seiwerth S, Sikiric PStable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 heals rectovaginal fistula in ratsLife Sci.(2016 Mar 1)
33.^Vuksic T, Zoricic I, Brcic L, Sever M, Klicek R, Radic B, Cesarec V, Berkopic L, Keller N, Blagaic AB, Kokic N, Jelic I, Geber J, Anic T, Seiwerth S, Sikiric PStable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in trials for inflammatory bowel disease (PL-10, PLD-116, PL14736, Pliva, Croatia) heals ileoileal anastomosis in the ratSurg Today.(2007)
34.^Sever M, Klicek R, Radic B, Brcic L, Zoricic I, Drmic D, Ivica M, Barisic I, Ilic S, Berkopic L, Blagaic AB, Coric M, Kolenc D, Vrcic H, Anic T, Seiwerth S, Sikiric PGastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and short bowel syndrome in ratsDig Dis Sci.(2009 Oct)
35.^Lojo N, Rasic Z, Zenko Sever A, Kolenc D, Vukusic D, Drmic D, Zoricic I, Sever M, Seiwerth S, Sikiric PEffects of Diclofenac, L-NAME, L-Arginine, and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on Gastrointestinal, Liver, and Brain Lesions, Failed Anastomosis, and Intestinal Adaptation Deterioration in 24 Hour-Short-Bowel RatsPLoS One.(2016 Sep 14)
36.^Sikiric P, Marovic A, Matoz W, Anic T, Buljat G, Mikus D, Stancic-Rokotov D, Separovic J, Seiwerth S, Grabarevic Z, Rucman R, Petek M, Ziger T, Sebecic B, Zoricic I, Turkovic B, Aralica G, Perovic D, Duplancic B, Lovric-Bencic M, Rotkvic I, Mise S, Jagic V, Hahn VA behavioural study of the effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in Parkinson's disease models in mice and gastric lesions induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophyridineJ Physiol Paris.(1999 Dec)