This systematic review and meta-analysis of 8 randomized controlled trials examined the effects of supplemental dietary fiber on clinical outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. The trials included 36 to 120 participants and were 2 to 12 weeks in duration.

The outcomes assessed were fasting glucose, 2-hour postprandial glucose (blood sugar at 2 hours after drinking a standardized amount of sugar), HbA1c (a measure of average blood sugar control over the past 3 months), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and pregnancy outcomes (preterm delivery, cesarean delivery, fetal distress, and neonatal weight).

Subgroup analyses were performed for the type of fiber (soluble, insoluble, or complex) and the amount of fiber (<12 g/day or ≥12 g/day; 12 g/day is an average fiber dietary intake).

Can supplemental fiber improve gestational diabetes? Original paper