Alpha-GPC is a Cholinergic compound, and is a well-absorbed source of dietary Choline. It was being investigated for its abilities to increase cognition and physical output, but human studies are lacking.
This page features 9 unique references to scientific papers.
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Alpha-GPC is a Cholinergic compound with links to increased physical output.
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Alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine, L-alpha-glycerophosphocholin, glycerophosphocholine, L-alpha-glyceryl-phosphorylcholine, Choline Alphoscerate
Although non-stimulatory in nature, many people report alertness, mental clarity, and increased focus with alpha-GPC supplementation.
If too much Alpha-GPC is taken acutely, headaches will ensue.
Examine.com Medical DisclaimerA standard dosage of Alpha-GPC is 300-600mg, according to the most common label doses. The only human study to note power output increases used 600mg.
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The Human Effect Matrix looks at human studies (excluding animal/petri-dish studies) to tell you what effect Alpha-GPC has in your body, and how strong these effects are.
| Grade | Level of Evidence |
|---|---|
| A | Robust research conducted with repeated double blind clinical trials |
| B | Multiple studies where at least two are double-blind and placebo controlled |
| C | Single double blind study or multiple cohort studies |
| D | Uncontrolled or observational studies only |
| Level of Evidence | Effect | Change | Magnitude of Effect Size | Scientific Consensus | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | Growth Hormone |   Minor | 100% See study | Has noted an increase in circulating growth hormone, but measurements were acute (whole-day measurements of growth hormone are more reliable due to hourly fluctuations) | |
| C | Fat Oxidation | Minor | 100% See study | Some biomarkers of hepatic fat oxidation increased at rest, no indication as to the potency of this relative to reference drugs. |
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Typically, oral ingestion and IV administration (used in some clinical settings and some studies) have different pharmacokinetics.[2]-L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine]
One in systemic circulation, Alpha-GPC elicits a greater rise in plasma choline than do other Cholinergic like citicholine (used as a control in one study) in the same dosage.[3]
Alpha-GPC has been shown to increase power output acutely when taken 45 minutes before exercise, and to increase exercise-induced growth hormone release as well[4]. The cited study is from a presentation (may not be peer reviewed) and received funding from a company involved in the production of Alpha-GPC.
One of the mechanisms by which alpha-GPC can be a cognitive stimulatory agent is via increased activity of protein kinase C (PKC) in neurons, of which the Racetams oxiracetam and Aniracetam were also implicated.[5]
Alpha-GPC has been implicated in GABA release via the noradrenergic system.[6]
It is used with some success in alleviating symptoms of Alzheimer's and other forms of senile demenita in vivo.[7][8]
One study using Alpha-GPC alongside both Caffeine and Phosphatidylserine has found increased attention and reaction time in persons undergoing acute stress.[1]
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