Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Risk
Research analysis led by Kamal Patel.
All content reviewed by the Examine.com Team. Published:
Last Updated:
All content reviewed by the Examine.com Team. Published:
Last Updated:
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Things To Know & Note
Also Known As
URTI, URTI risk
Caution Notice
Examine.com Medical DisclaimerHuman Effect Matrix
The Human Effect Matrix looks at human studies (it excludes animal and in vitro studies) to tell you what supplements affect upper respiratory tract infection risk
| Grade | Level of Evidence [show legend] |
|---|---|
|
Robust research conducted with repeated double-blind clinical trials |
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Multiple studies where at least two are double-blind and placebo controlled |
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Single double-blind study or multiple cohort studies |
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Uncontrolled or observational studies only |
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Level of Evidence
?
The amount of high quality evidence. The more
evidence, the more we can trust the results.
|
Outcome |
Magnitude of effect
?
The direction and size of the supplement's impact on
each outcome. Some supplements can have an increasing effect, others have a decreasing effect, and others have no effect.
|
Consistency of research results
?
Scientific research does not always agree. HIGH or
VERY HIGH means that most of the scientific research agrees.
|
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Notable
|
High See all 11 studies |
The reduction in rate of sickness seen with echinacea as a daily supplement is highly effective in some instances, but subject to a high degree of variability. It is notable due to it being a comparator.
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Minor
|
- See study |
Appears to be better than placebo, although it is difficult to assess potency.
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Minor
|
- See all 3 studies |
There may be a minor reduction in the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) seen with colostrum, although more evidence is needed to confirm this activity as current trials are usually underpowered.
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