Summary of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack
Primary Information, Benefits, Effects, and Important Facts
Eurycoma Longifolia Jack is the herb name for what is more commonly known as Tongkat Ali, Malaysian Ginseng, or Longjack.
The aphrodisiac effects of Eurycoma are quite reliable and appear to span a large variety of animal models, limited evidence in female rats but it appears to affect these to a similar extend as in males. It is difficult to do a comparative analysis between other herbal aphrodisiac to assess potency, but Eurycoma is anecdotally one of the better ones.
In addition to the aphrodisiac effects, Eurycoma can also increase sperm production and may directly act as a proerectile agent. At least one molecule in Eurycoma (9-hydroxycanthin-6-one) is associated with both a delay in ejaculation as well as pro-erectile properties (although the ability of this molecule to act via consuming Eurycoma extract is not known).
Hormonally, Eurycoma appears to have remarkable anti-estrogenic effects in vitro and has a potency similar to Tamoxifen when the active ingredient is injected. Promising, but no human studies exist on it currently or studies assessing oral intake of Eurycoma Extract. On the testosterone side of things, the literature appears to be needlessly promising. No peer-reviewed evidence currently establishes Eurycoma as a testosterone booster in otherwise healthy persons or rats but many studies are quick to cite presentations by an M.I Tambi claiming these boosts in testosterone. None of Dr.Tambi's research presented in conferences appears to be indexed in Medline and the claims expressed cannot be proven.
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Things To Know & Note
Is a Form Of
Other Functions:
Primary Function:
Also Known As
Longjack, Tongkat Ali, Malaysian Ginseng, longjax, Cay Ba Binh, Pasak Bumi, Langir Siam, Tung Sawa
Caution Notice
Examine.com Medical DisclaimerEurycoma Longifolia Jack is able to increase libido and sexual drive, but is otherwise non-stimulatory
May reduce anxiety, but understudied
Active ingredients confer a bitter taste
How to Take Eurycoma Longifolia Jack
Recommended dosage, active amounts, other details
The standard dosage of eurycoma longifolia jack is 200-300mg of a 100:1 extract (the concentration is based on the eurycomamone content), which at least in regards to eurycomamone is as effective as 20-30g of the dry root of the plant.
This dose tends to be taken in 1-2 doses throughout the day, and it is unsure if this is the optimal dose.
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Human Effect Matrix
The Human Effect Matrix looks at human studies (it excludes animal and in vitro studies) to tell you what effects eurycoma longifolia jack has on your body, and how strong these effects are.
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Robust research conducted with repeated double-blind clinical trials |
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Multiple studies where at least two are double-blind and placebo controlled |
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Single double-blind study or multiple cohort studies |
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Uncontrolled or observational studies only |
Level of Evidence
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The amount of high quality evidence. The more
evidence, the more we can trust the results.
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Outcome |
Magnitude of effect
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The direction and size of the supplement's impact on
each outcome. Some supplements can have an increasing effect, others have a decreasing effect, and others have no effect.
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Consistency of research results
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Scientific research does not always agree. HIGH or
VERY HIGH means that most of the scientific research agrees.
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Notes |
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In stressed persons, daily supplementation of eurycoma is associated with a 16% reduction in cortisol concentrations.
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There appears to be a slight proerectile effect of eurycoma supplements as assessed by self-report survey
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An increase in libido is seen with prolonged daily ingestion of eurycoma supplements in the range of 8.4-10.8%
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Sperm motility appears to be increased, with more efficacy in those with lower baseline motility and improvements averaging 44.4%
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May increase parameters of sperm quality and volume.
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Supplementation of eurycoma in stressed persons appears to reduce subjective perceptions of stress.
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In otherwise normal men supplementing eurycoma, an increase in overall quality of life and happiness is seen (alongside increases in libido)
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A decrease in weight has been noted in overweight and obese men, but did not extend to men of normal weight. Mechanisms unknown.
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No detectable alterations in IGF-1 for eurycoma extract
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No significant changes in the sulfate form of DHEA (DHEA-S) is noted after twelve continual weeks of supplementation
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No significant influence on circulating SHBG over the course of 12 weeks in otherwise healthy men.
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- | Moderate See all 3 studies |
Although the protective effects of tongkat ali on the testicles and the profertility effects may result in a slight increase in testosterone in infertile men and the adaptogenic effects may cause a preservation of testosterone in stressed men, there is no evidence in otherwise healthy and unanxious men.
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One pilot study has noted an increase more than control when both eurycoma and control were paired with exercise
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A slight increase in power output has been noted, which may be secondary to increased training adaptations
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No significant known influences on fat mass
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Frequently Asked Questions about Eurycoma Longifolia Jack
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Research Breakdown on Eurycoma Longifolia Jack
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References
- ^ a b Bhat R, Karim AA. Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia Jack): a review on its ethnobotany and pharmacological importance. Fitoterapia. (2010)
- ^ a b Saadiah Abdul Razak H, Shuid AN, Naina Mohamed I. Combined Effects of Eurycoma longifolia and Testosterone on Androgen-Deficient Osteoporosis in a Male Rat Model. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. (2012)
- ^ a b c Chua LS, et al. LC-MS/MS-based metabolites of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) in Malaysia (Perak and Pahang). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. (2011)
- ^ Miyake K, et al. Quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia. J Nat Prod. (2009)
- ^ Phytotoxicity of Quassinoids: Physiological Responses and Structural Requirements.
- ^ Eurycomanone and eurycomanol, quassinoids from the roots of Eurycoma longifolia.
- ^ Canthin-6-one alkaloids from Eurycoma longifolia.
- ^ a b c d Chiou WF, Wu TS. 9-Hydroxycanthin-6-One Induces Penile Erection and Delays Ejaculation. J Sex Med. (2011)
- ^ Maziah M, Rosli N. The Production of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one from Callus Cultures of (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) Tongkat Ali. Methods Mol Biol. (2009)
- ^ Squalene derivatives from Eurycoma longifolia.
- ^ Miyake K, et al. Canthin-6-one alkaloids and a tirucallanoid from Eurycoma longifolia and their cytotoxic activity against a human HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cell line. Nat Prod Commun. (2010)
- ^ a b Correcting systemic androgen levels using Eurycoma longifolia.
- ^ a b c Abdulghani M, et al. The ameliorative effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on testosterone-induced reproductive disorders in female rats. Reprod Biol. (2012)
- ^ a b c d e Low BS, et al. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetic studies of eurycomanone from Eurycoma longifolia. Planta Med. (2005)
- ^ a b c d Tambi MI, Imran MK. Eurycoma longifolia Jack in managing idiopathic male infertility. Asian J Androl. (2010)
- ^ Bioactive fraction of Eurycoma longifolia.
- ^ a b c d e Zanoli P, et al. Influence of Eurycoma longifolia on the copulatory activity of sexually sluggish and impotent male rats. J Ethnopharmacol. (2009)
- ^ Ang HH, Lee KL, Kiyoshi M. Sexual arousal in sexually sluggish old male rats after oral administration of Eurycoma longifolia Jack. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. (2004)
- ^ a b Ang HH, Sim MK. Eurycoma longifolia increases sexual motivation in sexually naive male rats. Arch Pharm Res. (1998)
- ^ a b Ang HH, Ngai TH. Aphrodisiac evaluation in non-copulator male rats after chronic administration of Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. (2001)
- ^ a b Ang HH, Lee KL, Kiyoshi M. Eurycoma longifolia Jack enhances sexual motivation in middle-aged male mice. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. (2003)
- ^ Ang HH, Sim MK. Eurycoma longifolia JACK and orientation activities in sexually experienced male rats. Biol Pharm Bull. (1998)
- ^ Ang HH, Sim MK. Eurycoma longifolia Jack enhances libido in sexually experienced male rats. Exp Anim. (1997)
- ^ Ang HH, Lee KL. Effect of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on libido in middle-aged male rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. (2002)
- ^ Ang HH, Ngai TH, Tan TH. Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on sexual qualities in middle aged male rats. Phytomedicine. (2003)
- ^ Ang HH, Lee KL. Effect of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on orientation activities in middle-aged male rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol. (2002)
- ^ Ang HH, Cheang HS, Yusof AP. Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) on the initiation of sexual performance of inexperienced castrated male rats. Exp Anim. (2000)
- ^ a b Ismail SB, et al. Randomized Clinical Trial on the Use of PHYSTA Freeze-Dried Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia for the Improvement of Quality of Life and Sexual Well-Being in Men. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. (2012)
- ^ a b Ang HH, Cheang HS. Studies on the anxiolytic activity of Eurycoma longifolia Jack roots in mice. Jpn J Pharmacol. (1999)
- ^ Effect of Tongkat Ali on stress hormones and psychological mood state in moderately stressed subjects.
- ^ Ang HH, Ikeda S, Gan EK. Evaluation of the potency activity of aphrodisiac in Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Phytother Res. (2001)
- ^ a b Ang HH, Cheang HS. Effects of Eurycoma longifolia jack on laevator ani muscle in both uncastrated and testosterone-stimulated castrated intact male rats. Arch Pharm Res. (2001)
- ^ a b Wahab NA, et al. The effect of eurycoma longifolia Jack on spermatogenesis in estrogen-treated rats. Clinics (Sao Paulo). (2010)
- ^ Chan KL, et al. The effect of Eurycoma longifolia on sperm quality of male rats. Nat Prod Commun. (2009)
- ^ Erasmus N, et al. Effect of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat ali) extract on human spermatozoa in vitro. Andrologia. (2012)
- ^ Frydrychová S, et al. Effects of herbal preparation on libido and semen quality in boars. Reprod Domest Anim. (2011)
- ^ a b THE ERGOGENIC EFFECTS OF EURYCOMA LONGIFOLIA JACK: A PILOT STUDY.
- ^ a b Ooi FK, et al. Effects of a herbal ergogenic drink on cycling performance in young cyclists. Malays J Nutr. (2001)
- ^ Chen CK, Muhamad AS, Ooi FK. Herbs in exercise and sports. J Physiol Anthropol. (2012)
- ^ Diamond TH, et al. Hip fracture in elderly men: prognostic factors and outcomes. Med J Aust. (1997)
- ^ Forsén L, et al. Survival after hip fracture: short- and long-term excess mortality according to age and gender. Osteoporos Int. (1999)
- ^ Vanderschueren D, et al. Time-related increase of biochemical markers of bone turnover in androgen-deficient male rats. Bone Miner. (1994)
- ^ a b Tajul Ariff AS, et al. Effects of Eurycoma longifolia on Testosterone Level and Bone Structure in an Aged Orchidectomised Rat Model. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. (2012)
- ^ a b Tambi MI, Imran MK, Henkel RR. Standardised water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia, Tongkat ali, as testosterone booster for managing men with late-onset hypogonadism. Andrologia. (2011)
- ^ Eurycoma longifolia: Medicinal Plant in the Prevention and Treatment of Male Osteoporosis due to Androgen Deficiency.
- ^ Ramli R, Khamis MF, Shuid AN. Bone Micro-CT Assessments in an Orchidectomised Rat Model Supplemented with Eurycoma longifolia. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. (2012)
- ^ Kang KS, et al. Immature uterotrophic assay is more sensitive than ovariectomized uterotrophic assay for the detection of estrogenicity of p-nonylphenol in Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol Lett. (2000)
- ^ Teh CH, et al. Comparative X-ray and conformational analysis of a new crystal of 13α,21-dihydroeurycomanone with eurycomanone from Eurycoma longifolia and their anti-estrogenic activity using the uterotrophic assay. Planta Med. (2011)
- ^ Eurycomanone - PubChem Compound Summary.
- ^ Tee TT, Azimahtol HL. Induction of apoptosis by Eurycoma longifolia jack extracts. Anticancer Res. (2005)
- ^ a b Salman SA, et al. Modification of propranolol's bioavailability by Eurycoma longifolia water-based extract. J Clin Pharm Ther. (2010)
- ^ a b Acute and Subacute Toxicity Studies of Eurycoma longifolia in Male Rats.