| Effect | Increase |
| Trial Design | Double blind |
| Trial Length | 24 hours |
| Number of Subjects | 30 |
| Sex | Both Genders |
| Age Range | 65+ |
| Body Types | Untrained |
Persons over 70 were recruited to consume 6mg/kg bodyweight caffeine prior to an hour long cycling endurance exercise.
Insulin resistance increased (ie. sensitivity decreased) due to a conversion of metabolic substrate towards fatty acids; increases in free fatty acids, adrenaline and noradrenaline, and lactate were significantly more than placebo.
