Probiotic supplementation reduced the severity and number of nausea episodes and vomiting. It also led to a reduction in hard stools, but not frequency of bowel movements. Quality of life scores improved after the probiotic intervention.

Probiotic supplementation also led to a decreased abundance of Akkermansia and A. muciniphila (this result was significant in the exploratory analysis but not when adjusting for multiplicity)^[1] and an increase in bacterial genes responsible for producing fecal bile salt hydrolase (BSH).

For metabolites, probiotic supplementation increased α-tocopherol and fucose (this was significant in the exploratory analysis, but not when adjusting for multiplicity).^[1]

An analysis of the relationship between biomarkers and gastrointestinal symptoms found that participants with high copy numbers of the BSH gene at baseline had lower daily vomiting scores throughout the intervention. Additionally, participants with high levels of fecal α-tocopherol at baseline had lower vomiting scores, and those with high levels of Akkermansia and A. muciniphila at baseline had an increased incidence of vomiting times.

Nausea