1,3-DMAA is a neural stimulant with a structure similar to Ephedrine and adrenaline, and has been used as a pre-workout stimulant.
Not much literature exists on DMAA currently, and its legal status is currently in disrepute.
This page features 8 unique references to scientific papers.
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DMAA is a neurological stimulant which causes a quick spike of energy similar to Caffeine and other classical stimulants, but does so by different mechanisms in the brain.
It was first introduced as a nasal decongestant as 'Germanium Oil Extract' but more recently is used as a neurological stimulant and party pill.
Due to its structural similarity to amphetamines, it gives a false positive in drug tested competitions for amphetamines and thus should not be used by competing athletes.
It is not a highly studied compound in isolation.
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4-methylhexan-2-amine, DMAA, Dimethylamylamine, 1,3-DMAA, Gerananime, Methylhexaneanime, 1,3-Dimethylpentylamine, Forthane
DMAE, DHEA, Memantine (Same acronym, different compound)
DMAA is highly stimulatory.
DMAA may cause a false positive for amphetamines in urine testing.
In 2009, the World Anti-Doping Agency added methylhexanamine to the 2010 prohibited list.
It is currently being restricted from usage in the American military due to not falling under claims of it being from natural sources (a nutraceutical).[1]
In 2012, the Australian Government classified DMAA and Geranium as Schedule 9 substances, prohibiting them from being sold.[2]
Examine.com Medical DisclaimerA typical starting dose of DMAA is in the 10-20mg range , eventually reaching up to 40-60mg a day.
(NOTE: These dosages are based on anecdotes of what works, and are not supported by the literature as there is a lack of it)
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Although there are many anecdotes of the efficacy of 1,3-DMAA, most (if not all) of the science is extrapolated from other compounds which act in a similar manner.
Although the compounds are very similar and this extrapolation should be relatively valid, some degree of caution should still be exerted until some studies on the 1,3-DMAA molecule itself are published.
Kurtis Frank
The Human Effect Matrix looks at human studies (excluding animal/petri-dish studies) to tell you what effect 1,3-Dimethylamylamine has in your body, and how strong these effects are.
| Grade | Level of Evidence |
|---|---|
| A | Robust research conducted with repeated double blind clinical trials |
| B | Multiple studies where at least two are double-blind and placebo controlled |
| C | Single double blind study or multiple cohort studies |
| D | Uncontrolled or observational studies only |
| Level of Evidence | Effect | Change | Magnitude of Effect Size | Scientific Consensus | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | Blood Pressure |   Notable | 100% See study | The increase in blood pressure with 1,3-DMAA was fairly notable and of concern, with 75mg paired with caffeine (common in preworkout supplements) increasing systolic by up to 20%. | |
| C | Heart Rate | 100% See study | No significant effect on heart rate noted |
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DMAA is a straight chain, 7 carbon, aliphitic amine with a structural similarity to amphetamine, methamphetamine, and MDMA.[3] It was first introduced as a nasal decongestant[4] but more recently is used as a neurological stimulant and party pill.
DMAA also shares structural similarity to Propylhexedrine, a stimulant drug and nasodilator which may have fat-burning effects in vivo.
Due to its structural similarities, its mechanism of action may be as an adrenaline mimetic; inducing the same effects as adrenaline and the preceding compounds in vivo. However, direct studies on the pharmacokinetics of DMAA metabolism do not exist.
Although seemingly well tolerated in pre-workout supplemental form, DMAA has been linked to a cerebral haemorrhage in a case study with party pill usage.[5]
No long-term toxicity studies are in existence, although acute LD50 of DMAA has been established at 39mg/kg bodyweight intravenous injection and 185mg/kg bodyweight intraperitoneal injection.[6] Theoretically well below what can be achieved via oral ingestion.
DMAA, touted as being a component of geraniums, has been failed to be detected in geranium oil in one independent lab analysis.[7]
DMAA causes a false positive for amphetamines in drug-tested sports competitions and should not be used by athletes being moderated by a drugs ethics association.[3]
DMAA alone and in combination with Caffeine has been shown in a double blind trial to significantly increase blood pressure, but had not effect on heart rate.[8]
(Common misspellings for 1,3-Dimethylamylamine include dimethylamine, dimethylamylamin, dimethlamilamine, dimethlamylamine)
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